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The first known translation of the Bible into Greek is called the Septuagint (LXX) (3rd–1st centuries BC). The LXX was written in Koine Greek.〔Porter, S. E., “Septuagint/Greek Old Testament” in Porter, S. E. & Evans, C. A. (2000), ''Dictionary of New Testament background : A compendium of contemporary biblical scholarship'' (electronic edition, Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press)〕 It contains the Hebrew Bible translated from Hebrew and Aramaic. It also includes several other documents which are considered to have differing levels of authority by various Christian churches.〔While all the material that is considered authoritative by Jews and by Eastern Orthodox, Roman Catholic and Protestant Christians is contained in the LXX, not all the content of the LXX is considered authoritative by most of these groups. The LXX contains more material than the Jewish Bible. The Jewish Bible is equivalent to the Old Testament protocanon of Eastern Orthodox, Roman Catholic and Protestant Christian churches and is identical in content to the Old Testament used by Protestants. However Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholic churches include additional books in their Old Testament. These are called deuterocanonical, as opposed to protocanonical. Eastern Orthodox churches uses the whole LXX. The Roman Catholic church includes more material in their Old Testament than Protestants and less than the Eastern Orthodox churches. For more detail, refer to the following Wikipedia Articles: Old Testament, Deuterocanonical books and Biblical apocrypha. Refer especially to the discussion about the significance of the terms "canonical", "inspired by God" and "Anagignoskomena" (Ἀναγιγνωσκόμενα "readable, worthy to be read") in Deuterocanonical books#In the Catholic Church and Deuterocanonical books#Eastern Orthodoxy.〕 Some of these other documents are believed to have been written originally in Greek. The LXX contains the oldest existing translation of Holy Scripture into any language. It was widely disseminated among ancient Hellenistic Jews, and was later used by Greek-speaking Christians for their Old Testament (refer canon). The LXX is the source of the majority of quotations from the Old Testament by writers of the New Testament. It is studied along with Hebrew and Aramaic texts as an ancient source of information about the Old Testament. Other early Greek translations of Hebrew Scripture that survive only in fragments are those of Aquila of Sinope (2nd century AD), Theodotion (2nd century AD) and Symmachus (3rd century AD). == Modern Greek == A modern Greek and polyglot edition of the Pentateuch commonly called "Constantinople Pentateuch" published in Constantinople in 1547 by Romaniote Jews has the Hebrew text in the middle of the page, with a Yevanic translation on one side and a Judaeo-Spanish translation on the other.〔Natalio Fernandez Marcos, ''The Septuagint in Context: Introduction to the Greek Versions of the Bible'' (2000) p 180. The Greek text is published in D. C. Hesseling, ''Les cinq livres de la Loi'' (1897).〕 The New Testament part of the Christian Bible was originally written in Koine Greek and is therefore not a translation. However like other living languages, the Greek language has developed over time. Therefore various translations have been completed over the centuries to make it easier for Greek speakers to understand Holy Scripture. Translations of the Old Testament, which is the other part of the Christian Bible, have been completed for similar reasons. At the initiative of the pro-Reformed Patriarch Cyril Lucaris of Constantinople, Maximos of Gallipoli (or Callipolites, died 1633) translated a vernacular New Testament from 1629 which was printed at Geneva in 1638.〔The Journal of religion: Volume 20 University of Chicago. Divinity School, University of Chicago. Federated Theological Faculty - 1940 "The question then arises whether there is any connection between this version and the vernacular New Testament printed at Geneva in 1638 under the name of Maximos of Gallipoli. Professor Colwell is inclined to think that Maximos of ..."〕〔Tomasz Kamusella The Politics of Language and Nationalism in Modern Central Europe 2008 "He encouraged the monk Maximos of Gallipoli (Maximus Callipolites, died in 1633) to undertake this translation. ... The learned monk, Meletios Sirigos (1590-1664) vehemently opposed Maximos's translation, remarking that any vernacular ..."〕〔Michael Angold Eastern Christianity 2006 - Page 200 "The translation was probably the patriarch's most important pastoral initiative. The task was entrusted in 1629 to the learned hieromonk Maximos Rodios from Gallipoli (hence known as Kallioupolitis), a former student of Korydalleus at ..."〕 An edition of the New Testament into Modern Greek translated by Seraphim of Mytilene was edited in London in 1703 by the English Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts. This translation was formally condemned in 1704 by the reigning Patriarch Gabriel III of Constantinople. A translation of the Bible (Old and New Testaments) in literary Katharevousa Greek (Καθαρεύουσα) by Neofytos Vamvas (Νεόφυτος Βάμβας) and his associates was first published in 1850 following nearly 20 years of work. The King James Version was used as a main source for this translation. Vamvas was dean and a professor of the University of Athens.〔The Hellenic Bible Society, http://hellenicbiblesociety.gr/?page_id=9, sighted 07 July 2013〕 In 1901, Alexandros Pallis translated the Gospels into Modern Greek. This translation was known as Evangelika (Ευαγγελικά). There were riots in Athens when this translation was published in a newspaper. In 1967 a team of academic staff of the University of Athens led by Basil (Vasilios) Vellas (Βασίλειος Βέλλας) translated the New Testament, with support from the Hellenic Bible Society.〔 This translation was based on the Textus Receptus.〔Greeks For Christ, http://www.greeksforchrist.org/gnt-1.htm, sighted 07 July 2013〕 A revision of the Vamvas translation of the Bible into the modern vernacular (Demotic Greek) by Spyros (Spiros) Filos (Σπύρος Φίλος) was first published in 1994. This translation is used in the Greek Evangelical Church〔BibleSupport.com, http://www.biblesupport.com/e-sword-downloads/file/7027-spyros-filos-modern-greek-sbl-gnt-critical-greek-text-droid-mysword-version/, sighted 07 July 2013〕 and is also recognized by the Orthodox Church. Meanwhile a team of 12 professors from the theological schools of the Universities of Athens and Thessaloniki had been working since the mid 1960s on another translation into the modern vernacular (Demotic Greek), with support from the Hellenic Bible Society.〔Hellenic Bible Society, http://hellenicbiblesociety.gr/?page_id=9, sighted 07 July 2013〕 The translation of the New Testament, first published in 1985 (check date), was based on a Critical Text of the Koine Greek (κοινή) in which the New Testament was originally written. The translation of the Old Testament from Biblical Hebrew and Aramaic texts of the Jewish Scriptures was first published in 1997. This translation has the blessing and approval of the Holy Synod of the Church of Greece〔Hellenic Bible Society, http://www.greekbibles.org/el/-/1--1997-9789607847027.html, sighted 07 July 2013〕 and is also used in Evangelical and Charismatic churches.〔e.g. http://www.greeksforchrist.org/gnt-10.htm, sighted 07 July 2013〕 It is known in English as "Today's Greek Version (TGV)". 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bible translations into Greek」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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